Synthetic dyes are widely used in a number of
industrial processes, such as textile industries, paper printing, and
photography.Dyes usually have synthetic origins and complex aromatic molecular
structures.
Dye wastewaters discharged from textile dyestuff industries have to
be treated due to their impact on water bodies, and growing public concern over
their toxicity and carcinogenicity in particular. Several strategies are
currently available to remove color from the industrial effluent. These include
physical processes such as membrane technologies, chemical processes such as
ozonation, physicochemical methods, adsorption, chemical precipitation,
flocculation, photolysis, and ion pair extraction and biological processes such
as biodegradation and bioadsorption. The available methods require considerable
start-up costs and cannot meet increasingly stringent effluent colour
standards. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>
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